@font-face {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans Arabic';
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-display: swap;
  src: url(/assets/plex-arabic-0.ttf) format('truetype');
}
@font-face {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans Arabic';
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-display: swap;
  src: url(/assets/plex-arabic-1.ttf) format('truetype');
}

@font-face{font-family:Plex;src:url('/assets/font-400.woff2') format('woff2');font-weight:400;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:Plex;src:url('/assets/font-600.woff2') format('woff2');font-weight:600;font-display:swap}
:root{--ink:#183e39;--muted:#556763;--teal:#115e59;--deep:#0c4a42;--line:#c5d2cb;--paper:#f5f7f4;--gold:#a47716}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:30px}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font:17px/1.7 Plex,'Segoe UI',Tahoma,sans-serif}a{color:var(--teal);text-underline-offset:5px}a:hover{text-decoration-thickness:2px}h1,h2,h3{font-weight:600;line-height:1.25;margin:0 0 20px}h1{font-size:clamp(34px,4.4vw,58px);letter-spacing:-.03em}h2{font-size:clamp(27px,3vw,38px);letter-spacing:-.02em}h3{font-size:22px}p{margin:0 0 22px}img{max-width:100%;height:auto}button,a{touch-action:manipulation}:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--gold);outline-offset:5px}::selection{background:#c8e4d5;color:var(--deep)}.skip{position:absolute;inset-inline-start:20px;top:-100px;z-index:10;background:white;padding:12px}.skip:focus{top:12px}.site-header,.site-main,.site-footer{max-width:1180px;margin-inline:auto;padding-inline:36px}.site-header{min-height:112px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:28px}.brand{display:inline-flex;gap:12px;align-items:center;text-decoration:none;font-size:26px;font-weight:600}.brand img{width:44px;height:44px}.site-header nav{display:flex;gap:28px;align-items:center}.site-header nav>a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px}.button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-height:48px;background:var(--teal);color:white;padding:11px 24px;border-radius:8px;text-decoration:none;font-weight:600}.button:hover{background:var(--deep);text-decoration:none}.site-main{padding-top:34px;padding-bottom:70px}.site-footer{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-block:32px 42px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:28px;color:var(--muted);font-size:14px}.site-footer div{display:flex;gap:24px;flex-wrap:wrap}.site-footer a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px}.home-hero{background:var(--deep);color:white;border-radius:18px;padding:50px 38px 44px;text-align:center}.home-hero>img{width:108px;height:108px;margin-bottom:16px}.eyebrow{font-size:14px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.045em;margin-bottom:22px}.home-hero .eyebrow{color:#e1c881}.home-hero h1{max-width:19ch;margin-inline:auto;color:#f3df9f}.hero-description{max-width:61ch;margin-inline:auto;color:#e1ece5;font-size:19px}.hero-actions{display:flex;gap:26px;align-items:center;justify-content:center;margin-block:28px}.hero-actions>.button{background:#f3df9f;color:var(--deep)}.hero-actions>a:not(.button){color:white}.hero-note{font-size:14px;color:#d1e0d6;margin-bottom:0}.home-section{padding-block:80px}.section-intro{max-width:660px}.section-intro p{color:var(--muted)}.section-intro .eyebrow{color:var(--teal)}.steps{list-style:none;counter-reset:step;margin:42px 0 0;padding:0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:34px}.steps li{counter-increment:step;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:24px}.steps li:before{content:counter(step,decimal-leading-zero);display:block;font-size:15px;color:var(--teal);font-weight:600;margin-bottom:16px}.steps p,.features p{font-size:16px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:0}.steps h3,.features h3{font-size:21px;margin-bottom:12px}.features-section{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:60px}.features{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:38px;margin-top:40px}.features>div{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:20px}.article-cta{background:#e7eee5;padding:38px;border-radius:12px;margin-block:50px}.article-cta h2{font-size:30px}.article-cta p{max-width:65ch;color:var(--muted)}.home-journal{padding:28px 0 0}.home-journal h2{font-size:28px}.home-journal p{color:var(--muted)}.journal-intro{max-width:740px;margin:35px 0 55px}.journal-intro p{font-size:19px;color:var(--muted)}.journal-entry{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 250px;gap:48px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-block:38px}.journal-entry:not(:has(img)){grid-template-columns:minmax(0,760px)}.journal-entry h2{font-size:31px}.journal-entry h2 a{text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink)}.journal-entry img{width:250px;height:180px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:8px}.journal-entry p{color:var(--muted)}.byline{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted)}.journal-empty{padding:42px;background:white;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px}.journal-empty h2{font-size:25px}.journal-empty p{color:var(--muted)}.page-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;margin-top:28px}.page-links a{min-width:44px;min-height:44px;padding:6px 14px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:6px;text-align:center}.page-links [aria-current]{background:var(--teal);color:white}.back-link{display:inline-flex;min-height:44px;margin-bottom:32px}.reading{max-width:760px;margin-inline:auto}.reading h1{font-size:clamp(32px,4vw,48px);overflow-wrap:anywhere}.article-summary{font-size:21px;color:var(--muted)}.article-cover{width:100%;max-height:520px;object-fit:contain;margin-block:20px 36px}.article-body{font-size:19px;line-height:1.85;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.article-body h2{font-size:30px;margin-top:42px}.article-body h3{font-size:25px;margin-top:32px}.article-body img{display:block;margin-block:28px}.article-body pre{overflow:auto;background:#e7eee5;padding:18px;font-size:15px}.article-body code{font-size:.88em}.article-body blockquote{border-inline-start:1px solid var(--gold);margin-inline:0;padding-inline-start:24px;color:var(--muted)}.translation-link{max-width:760px;margin:38px auto}.reading+.article-cta{max-width:840px;margin-inline:auto}[dir=rtl] h1,[dir=rtl] h2{letter-spacing:0}[dir=rtl] .eyebrow{letter-spacing:0}[dir=rtl] .home-hero h1{max-width:22ch}
@media(max-width:700px){.site-header,.site-main,.site-footer{padding-inline:20px}.site-header{min-height:90px;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;padding-block:16px}.brand{font-size:23px}.brand img{width:36px;height:36px}.site-header nav{gap:18px;font-size:15px}.site-header nav .button{padding:8px 13px;min-height:44px}.site-main{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:45px}.home-hero{padding:34px 22px;border-radius:12px}.home-hero>img{width:80px;height:80px}.home-hero h1{font-size:36px}.hero-description{font-size:17px}.eyebrow{font-size:12px}.hero-actions{flex-direction:column;gap:18px}.home-section{padding-block:48px}.steps,.features{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px;margin-top:28px}.steps li{padding-top:20px}.steps li:before{margin-bottom:10px}.features-section{padding-top:44px}.article-cta{padding:26px;margin-block:28px}.article-cta h2{font-size:27px}.site-footer{display:block}.site-footer div{gap:20px;margin-top:12px}.journal-intro{margin:14px 0 30px}.journal-entry,.journal-entry:not(:has(img)){grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:16px}.journal-entry img{width:100%;height:auto;max-height:260px;grid-row:1;object-fit:cover}.journal-entry h2{font-size:27px}.journal-empty{padding:26px}.article-summary{font-size:19px}.article-body{font-size:18px}.article-body h2{font-size:27px}.reading h1{font-size:34px}}
@media(max-width:390px){.site-header nav{gap:12px}.site-header .brand{width:100%}.home-hero h1{font-size:32px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}}

html[lang=ar] body{font-family:"IBM Plex Sans Arabic",Plex,Tahoma,sans-serif}

/* Reading tools: shared by articles in both languages. */
.breadcrumbs{max-width:760px;margin:0 auto 32px;font-size:14px;color:var(--muted)}
.breadcrumbs ol{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline;gap:8px 14px;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}
.breadcrumbs li+li::before{content:"/";margin-inline-end:14px;color:var(--muted)}
.breadcrumbs a{display:inline-block;padding-block:8px}
.article-contents{border-block:1px solid var(--line);padding-block:22px;margin-block:28px;font-size:16px}
.article-contents p{font-weight:600;margin-bottom:10px}
.article-contents ul{columns:2;column-gap:32px;padding-inline-start:20px;margin:0}
.article-contents li{break-inside:avoid;padding-block:5px;padding-inline-start:4px}
.article-contents a{display:inline-block}
.article-body .table-scroll{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;margin-block:28px;overscroll-behavior-x:contain}
.article-body table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55;text-align:start}
.article-body th,.article-body td{padding:14px 12px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);vertical-align:top}
.article-body th{background:#e7eee5;font-weight:600}
.article-body th:first-child,.article-body td:first-child{white-space:nowrap;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.author-bio{border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:48px;padding-top:28px;font-size:16px}
.author-bio h2{font-size:23px;margin-bottom:14px}
.author-bio p{color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:12px}
.author-profile h2{margin-top:40px;font-size:28px}
.author-profile li{padding-block:10px}
.reading :is(h2,h3){scroll-margin-top:28px}
@media(max-width:700px){.article-contents ul{columns:1}.article-body th,.article-body td{padding:12px 8px;font-size:14px}.breadcrumbs{margin-bottom:24px}.article-cover{margin-block:16px 24px}}